Rodney Merrill's translation of the Iliad maintains a more formal and elevated tone, reminiscent of the original epic's grandeur. His choice of words often enhances the heroic and timeless nature of the narrative, as seen in phrases such as "ruinous rage" and "perfected in evil." Merrill stays close to the rhythm and structure of ancient epic poetry, perhaps to capture the oral storytelling tradition of Homer's time. This approach is evident in his descriptions, like "the scion of Peleus" for Achilles, which lends a sense of majesty and historical depth to the characters. Merrill's rendering of key passages, such as Athena speaking to Diomedes, emphasizes the divine influence and intricate relationships between gods and men, embodying the formidable presence of the gods in mortal affairs. In contrast, Michael Reck offers a more straightforward and modernized version of the Iliad in his translation, which can be seen in his use of concise and clear language. Reck's style makes the epic more accessible to contemporary readers, with phrases like "Achilles' maniac rage" and "crook, that lunatic, that renegade," which inject a more conversational and direct tone. This translation places emphasis on the emotional and human aspects of the characters, bringing forward the personal and psychological elements of their struggles, as seen in his description of Achilles contemplating glory versus long life. Reck's translation simplifies the complex nature of the epic into language that resonates with a modern audience, focusing on the internal conflicts and inevitable fate that the characters face, without losing the dramatic tension and poignant moments of the original narrative.
Sing now, goddess, the wrath of Achilles the scion of Peleus,
ruinous rage which brought the Achaians uncounted afflictions;
many the powerful souls it sent to the dwelling of Hades,
those of the heroes, and spoil for the dogs it made of their bodies,
plunder for all of the birds, and the purpose of Zeus was accomplished—
sing from the time when first stood hostile, starting the conflict,
Atreus' scion, the lord of the people, and noble Achilles.
Sing, Goddess, Achilles' maniac rage:
ruinous thing! it roused a thousand sorrows
and hurled many souls of mighty warriors
to Hades, made their bodies food for dogs
and carrion birds—as Zeus's will foredoomed—
from the time relentless strife came between
Atreus' son, a king, and brave Achilles.