Richmond Lattimore's and E. V. Rieu's translations of Homer's "Iliad" both aim to bring the ancient epic to life for modern readers, yet they do so with differing approaches to language and style. Lattimore's version is noted for its fidelity to the original Greek text, capturing the poem's rhythm and formal structure. This results in a translation that often mirrors the grandeur and complexity of Homer's lines, as seen in Lattimore's formal and elevated language: "Sing, goddess, the anger of Peleus' son Achilleus and its devastation.” His translation is marked by its close adherence to the nuances of the original, often employing a syntax and vocabulary that maintain the epic's majestic tone, which can be challenging for readers less familiar with Homeric poetry. In contrast, E. V. Rieu's translation focuses on accessibility and clarity, making the "Iliad" approachable for a broader audience. Rieu prioritizes a narrative-driven rendition, employing straightforward language that's easier for contemporary readers to digest while maintaining the story's essential power. His version of Book 1 begins with, "Anger—sing, goddess, the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, that accursed anger," using simpler and more direct words to convey the same events. This accessibility is present throughout his translation, as seen in the dialogue between characters, such as Athena’s encouragement in Book 5: "Diomedes son of Tydeus, my pride and joy, don't be afraid." Rieu's translation appeals to those who seek a direct and engaging reading experience, sacrificing the complex poetic structure for clear narrative flow. Both translations offer readers a unique lens through which to view "The Iliad," balancing fidelity to the original text with comprehensibility in differing measures.
Sing, goddess, the anger of Peleus' son Achilleus
and its devastation, which puts pains thousandfold upon the Achaians,
hurled in their multitudes to the house of Hades strong souls
of heroes, but gave their bodies to be the delicate feasting
of dogs, of all birds, and the will of Zeus was accomplished
since that time when first there stood in division of conflict
Atreus' son the lord of men and brilliant Achilleus.
Anger — sing, goddess, the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, that accursed anger, which brought the Greeks endless sufferings and sent the mighty souls of many warriors to Hades, leaving their bodies as carrion for the dogs and a feast for the birds; and Zeus' purpose was fulfilled. It all began when Agamemnon lord of men and godlike Achilles quarrelled and parted.